In-depth overview of two-dimensional semiconductors from theoretical studies, properties to emerging applications! Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted enormous attention due to their exotic properties deriving from their ultrathin dimensions. 2D materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal oxides, black phosphorus and boron nitride, exhibit versatile optical, electronic, catalytic and mechanical properties, thus can be used in a wide range of applications, including electronics, optoelectronics and optical applications. Two-Dimensional Semiconductors: Synthesis, Physical Properties and Applications provides an in-depth view of 2D semiconductors from theoretical studies, properties to applications, taking into account the current state of research and development. It introduces various preparation methods and describes in detail the physical properties of 2D semiconductors including 2D alloys and heterostructures. The covered applications include, but are not limited to, field-effect transistors, spintronics, solar cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diode, sensors and bioelectronics. * Highly topical: 2D materials are a rapidly advancing field that attracts increasing attention * Concise overview: covers theoretical studies, preparation methods, physical properties, potential applications, the challenges and opportunities * Application oriented: focuses on 2D semiconductors that can be used in various applications such as field-effect transistors, solar cells, sensors and bioelectronics * Highly relevant: newcomers as well as experienced researchers in the field of 2D materials will benefit from this book Two-Dimensional Semiconductors: Synthesis, Physical Properties and Applications is written for materials scientists, semiconductor and solid state physicists, electrical engineers, and readers working in the semiconductor industry.

Measurement and Analysis of Overvoltages in Power Systems Jianming Li, Professor, State Grid Corporation, China A combination of theory and application, this book features practical tests and analytical techniques comprehensively with engineering practicality as its focus. Based on years of research and industry experience, the author introduces many scientific research methods such as overvoltage simulation studies, dynamic simulation experiment platform development and application, and overvoltage pattern recognition. Readers will get a good grounding in the various sources of overvoltages in power systems, methods in on-line measurements as well as explanations of overvoltage formation mechanisms and monitoring analysis methods. -Systematically examines sources, online measurements, analytical techniques, and simulations of overvoltages, with an emphasis on engineering practicality -Presents practical engineering examples analyzing overvoltages and improving system operation, based on field experiments and data analysis -Features overvoltage simulations and waveform analysis in transmission systems Measurement and Analysis of Overvoltages in Power Systems is intended as an all-in-one guide for engineers and researchers in power systems engineering. It can be used as a reference text for graduate students and lecturers of electrical engineering.

Uses real world case studies to present the key technologies of design and application of the synchronous generator excitation system This book systematically introduces the important technologies of design and application of the synchronous generator excitation system, including the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, diode rectifier for separate excitation, brushless excitation system and the static self-stimulation excitation system. It fuses discussions on specific topics and basic theories, providing a detailed description of the theories essential for synchronous generators in the analysis of excitation systems. Design and Application of Modern Synchronous Generator Excitation Systems provides a cutting-edge examination of excitation system, addressing conventional hydro-turbines, pumped storage units, steam turbines, and nuclear power units. It looks at the features and performance of the excitation system of the 700MW hydro-turbine deployed at the Three Gorges Hydropower Plant spanning the Yangtze River in China, as well as the working principle and start-up procedure of the static frequency converter (SFC) of pumped storage units. It also expounds on the composition of the excitation transformer, power rectifier, de-excitation equipment, and automatic excitation regulator--in addition to the performance features of the excitation system of conventional 600/1000MW turbines and the excitation system of the 1000MW nuclear power unit. Presents cutting-edge technologies of the excitation system from a unique engineering perspective Offers broad appeal to power system engineers who require a better understanding of excitation systems Addresses hydro-turbines, pumped storage units, steam turbines, and nuclear power units Provides an interdisciplinary examination of a range of applications Written by a senior expert in the area of excitation systems Written by an author with over 50 years' experience, Design and Application of Modern Synchronous Generator Excitation Systems is an excellent text that offers an interdisciplinary exposition for professionals, researchers, and academics alike.

In the past decade there has been a growing public interest and resurgence in research in the field of hormonal carcinogenesis. This is due to the widespread use of therapeutic hormonal agents worldwide and to the increasing awareness of the causal association of hormones, both endogenous and exogenously administered, and a variety of human cancers. These associations include estrogens in uterine, cervical, vaginal, liver, testicular, prostatic, and possible breast cancers; progesterone and progestational hormones in breast cancer; androgens and anabolic steroids in hepatic and prostatic cancers. Additionally, gonadotrophins playa role in the etiology of ovarian and testicular cancers and thyroid-stimulating hormones in thyroid cancers. Therefore, hormonal carcinogenesis encompasses the study of both natural and synthetic hormonal agents, including growth factors and other peptide and protein factors, which contribute substantially to the etiology of both human and animal neoplasms, benign or malignant. Hormones may be involved in all aspects of neoplastic transformation, including initiation, promotion, and progression, and the inhibition of these processes. There are a number of important issues in women's health that need to be addressed. More than 40 million U. S. women are menopausal, and these women have a life expectancy of over 30 years after the menopause. When these figures are multiplied worldwide, the numbers become staggering. After the menopause, estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is the choice of most women in industrialized countries.

Since our previous symposium in 1995, the pace of research in hormones and cancer has accelerated. Progress in our understanding of hormonal carcinogenic processes has been a direct result of the advances made in cell biology, endocrinology, and carcinogenesis at the molecular level. The newer fields of molecular genetics and cytogenetics already have and are expected to continue to playa major role in furthering our understanding of the cellular and molecular events in hormonal carcinogenesis. It has become increasingly clear that the risk of naturally occurring sex hormones in carcinogenic processes, both in human and in animal models, requires only minute quantities of hormones, at both the serum and tissue levels. Moreover, hormone target tissues for neoplastic transformation, perhaps with the exception of the liver, generally have relatively modest ability to metabolize sex hormones, such as the breast and prostate. Table 1 summarizes the serum, and in most cases, the tissue levels of sex hormones, both endogenously and exogenously ingested, which are associated with increased risk for endocrine-associated cancers such as breast, endometrium, and prostate, as well as the hormone levels of four experimental models that have been shown to elicit high tumor incidences. In contrast to the human, in which the hormone levels are cyclic, however, the latter require continuous hormone exposure at these relatively low levels.

lt is with great pleasure that I write this preface for Or Li's book, wh ich addresses the venerable and vexing issues surrounding the problem of whether death can be a harm to the person who dies. This problem is an ancient one which was raised long ago by the early Greek philosopher Epicurus, who notoriously argued that death is at no time a harm to its 'victim' because before death there is no harrn and after death there is no victim. Epicurus's conclusion is conspicuously at odds with our prereflective and in most cases our post-reflective-intuitions, and numerous strategies have therefore been proposed to refute or avoid the Epicurean conclusion that death cannot be an evil after all. How then are we to account for our intuition that death is not just an evil, but perhaps the worst evil: that may befall us? This is the key issue that Or Li addresses. Or Li's book explores various alternative approaches to the complex and difficult issues surrounding Epicurus's notorious argument and provides a defence ofthe intuitively plausible conclusion that death can indeed be a harm to the person who dies. This challenge to Epicurus's claim that death is never a harm to the person who dies is developed by way of a detailed exploration of the issues raised not only by Epicurus, but also by his many successors, who have responded variously to the challenging issues which Epicurus raised."

Information gathered from cell-free systems, cell cultures, animal models, and human studies, together provide important insights to our understanding of hormonal cancer causation, development, and prevention; the primary objective of these Symposia. A special emphasis is placed on the two major endocrine-related cancers, that is, breast and prostate. The emerging fields of colon, lung, and pancreatic cancers in relation to hormones are examined.

Based on lecture notes of two summer schools with a mixed audience from mathematical sciences, epidemiology and public health, this volume offers a comprehensive introduction to basic ideas and techniques in modeling infectious diseases, for the comparison of strategies to plan for an anticipated epidemic or pandemic, and to deal with a disease outbreak in real time. It covers detailed case studies for diseases including pandemic influenza, West Nile virus, and childhood diseases. Models for other diseases including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, fox rabies, and sexually transmitted infections are included as applications. Its chapters are coherent and complementary independent units. In order to accustom students to look at the current literature and to experience different perspectives, no attempt has been made to achieve united writing style or unified notation.

Notes on some mathematical background (calculus, matrix algebra, differential equations, and probability) have been prepared and may be downloaded at the web site of the Centre for Disease Modeling (www.cdm.yorku.ca).

Information gathered from cell-free systems, cell cultures, animal models, and human studies, together provide important insights to our understanding of hormonal cancer causation, development, and prevention; the primary objective of these Symposia. A special emphasis is placed on the two major endocrine-related cancers, that is, breast and prostate. The emerging fields of colon, lung, and pancreatic cancers in relation to hormones are examined.

This book is exclusively focused on the practice of transfer pricing audits which the Chinese government operates in the case of the vast number of foreign enterprises operating in the Chinese economy. It is presented with candour and includes the extensive testimony of Chinese officials about their work, material that given the traditional secrecy of Chinese business and governmental culture, is difficult to come by.

In the management of business activity by companies operating in more than one country, the complex array of issues and practices that characterize their movements of assets between constituent company units centres around what has become known as international transfer payments. This new book, based on extensive research, explains the nature of the subject, presents the latest data on the practice on transfer payments in three Asia Pacific countries, the regulations, attitudes and conditions which form the context in which they take place, and the events which are most likely to precipitate the intervention of the authorities and lead to investigation and audit.

In the management of business activity by companies operating in more than one country, the complex array of issues and practices that characterize their movements of assets between constituent company units centres around what has become known as international transfer payments. This book, based on extensive research, explains the nature of the subject, presents the latest data on the practice of transfer payments in three Asia Pacific countries; the regulations, attitudes and conditions which form the context in which they take place; and the events which are most likely to precipitate the intervention of the authorities and lead to investigation and audit.

It has been over a decade since the First International Symposium on Hormonal Carcinogenesis convened in 199 1. Since then, the field has rapidly expanded with considerable progress in both breast and prostate cancers; while ovarian and endometrial cancer have been hampered, in part, due to the absence of suitable hormone-mediated animal models. While knock-out, transgenic, and cell-culture systems have been extremely useful in identifying specific genelprotein alterations and the ensuing pathways affected, the precise molecular mechanisms whereby sex hormones elicit their oncogenic effects still remain elusive. Moreover, despite the considerable progress made in breast cancer research, the exact role of progestins in the presence or absence of estrogen in breast growth, differentiation, and malignant transformation is lacking. Elucidating the incipient molecular alterations in earlylpre-invasive lesions elicited by these hormones is a growing important focus of this field. The main purpose of these Symposia has been to address vital questions that impact our understanding of the causation, dependency, progression, resistance, and prevention of hormonally-associated cancers. We are indebted to the Scientific Advisory Board members who worked with us reviewing and offering suggestions to finalize the scientific program. We offer special thanks for the guidance and support of Dr. Gerald Mueller. His wisdom played an indispensable role in maintaining the excellence of these Symposia. We also acknowledge the numerous external reviewers that worked diligently to revise and improve the quality of the manuscripts. We are very grateful to Ms. Tandria Price.

The Guangdong province is the forerunner of China's economic reform, it has developed rapidly in the last twenty years since opening up its economy to the outside world. This book covers the evolution of economic reform in Guangdong, its links to Hong Kong and other parts of China, and developmental strategies in different parts of Guangdong. The book analyses the many factors that have contributed to economic reform and covers topics such as development of land, human resources, the agricultural sector and industrialisation, and reforms of state-owned enterprises and township and village enterprises. Consisting of eleven essays written by government officials and executives from the Guangdong province of China, this book offers a unique insight into the economic development in Guangdong.

The Guangdong province is the forerunner of China's economic reform, it has developed rapidly in the last 20 years since opening up its economy to the outside world. This book covers the evolution of economic reform in Guangdong, its links to Hong Kong and other parts of China, and developmental strategies in different parts of Guangdong. The book analyzes the many factors that have contributed to economic reform and covers topics such as development of land, human resources, the agricultural sector, and industrialization, and reforms of state-owned enterprises and township and village enterprises.

lt is with great pleasure that I write this preface for Or Li's book, wh ich addresses the venerable and vexing issues surrounding the problem of whether death can be a harm to the person who dies. This problem is an ancient one which was raised long ago by the early Greek philosopher Epicurus, who notoriously argued that death is at no time a harm to its 'victim' because before death there is no harrn and after death there is no victim. Epicurus's conclusion is conspicuously at odds with our prereflective and in most cases our post-reflective-intuitions, and numerous strategies have therefore been proposed to refute or avoid the Epicurean conclusion that death cannot be an evil after all. How then are we to account for our intuition that death is not just an evil, but perhaps the worst evil: that may befall us? This is the key issue that Or Li addresses. Or Li's book explores various alternative approaches to the complex and difficult issues surrounding Epicurus's notorious argument and provides a defence ofthe intuitively plausible conclusion that death can indeed be a harm to the person who dies. This challenge to Epicurus's claim that death is never a harm to the person who dies is developed by way of a detailed exploration of the issues raised not only by Epicurus, but also by his many successors, who have responded variously to the challenging issues which Epicurus raised."

'Li's newly published book Animal Welfare in China addresses the perplexing ecological contradictions of progress ... '

Prescription opioid abuse has become a major issue around the world, especially within the United States and Canada. Surgeons' high rate of opioid prescriptions places them in a critical position of working with patients to manage their pain. Opioid Use, Overuse, and Abuse in Otolaryngology, edited by Dr. Ryan J. Li of Oregon Health and Sciences University, takes a comprehensive, practical look at the national opioid epidemic and provides specific otolaryngology-specific data on chronic opioid usage. Discusses perioperative pain management in otolaryngology from an anesthesiology perspective, perioperative pain management in pediatric otolaryngology, rhinology and anterior skull base surgery, facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, neurotology, head and neck cancers, and more. Offers nonopioid analgesic options for otolaryngology-head and neck surgery patients and discusses a structured approach to perioperative pain management. Presents the knowledge and expertise of leading experts who have assembled the most up-to-date recommendations for opioid use, overuse, and abuse, including international pain management approaches. Covers the history of perioperative pain management in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery.

Quickly Engages in Applying Algorithmic Techniques to Solve Practical Signal Processing Problems

With its active, hands-on learning approach, this text enables readers to master the underlying principles of digital signal processing and its many applications in industries such as digital television, mobile and broadband communications, and medical/scientific devices. Carefully developed MATLAB(R) examples throughout the text illustrate the mathematical concepts and use of digital signal processing algorithms. Readers will develop a deeper understanding of how to apply the algorithms by manipulating the codes in the examples to see their effect. Moreover, plenty of exercises help to put knowledge into practice solving real-world signal processing challenges.

Following an introductory chapter, the text explores:

Sampled signals and digital processing

Random signals

Representing signals and systems

Temporal and spatial signal processing

Frequency analysis of signals

Discrete-time filters and recursive filters

Each chapter begins with chapter objectives and an introduction. A summary at the end of each chapter ensures that one has mastered all the key concepts and techniques before progressing in the text. Lastly, appendices listing selected web resources, research papers, and related textbooks enable the investigation of individual topics in greater depth.

Upon completion of this text, readers will understand how to apply key algorithmic techniques to address practical signal processing problems as well as develop their own signal processing algorithms. Moreover, the text provides a solid foundation for evaluating and applying new digital processing signal techniques as they are developed.

Throughout society the explosion of information technologies is changing how we work and live. This volume focuses on emerging technologies and their impact on people and organizations in the early years of the new century. This book contains a collection of 36 papers selected from more than 110 high quality presentations at the 2000 International Conference on the Information Society in the 21st Ceptury (IS2000). The conference was held November 5-8, 2000, in Aizu Wakamatsu, Japan. IS2000 featured lively exchanges of ideas and opinions on the im pact of emerging technologies on our society among international participants from academic and industrial organizations. The chapters in this book are grouped under the following six headings: Information and Knowledge Management Towards an Intelligent Society; Collaborative Internet, Multimedia, and Electronic Commerce; Intelligent Robots and Auditory Interfaces; New Models and Approaches for a Knowledge Economic Society; IT-Based Innovative Edu cation Systems and Strategies; and Emerging Technologies for the Information Society in the New Century. The papers offer excellent perspectives on advances in the various fields and provide a framework for the development of improvements in technologies that hold promise for enhancing our lives in the new century. Special thanks are due to the University of Aizu and the Telecommunications Ad vancement Foundation for providing grants to support IS2000 and the publication of this volume. We also would like to thank all the authors for their excellent work in assuring the high quality of the contents."

Discover the basic telecommunications systems principles in an accessible learn-by-doing format Communication Systems Principles Using MATLAB covers a variety of systems principles in telecommunications in an accessible format without the need to master a large body of theory. The text puts the focus on topics such as radio and wireless modulation, reception and transmission, wired networks and fiber optic communications. The book also explores packet networks and TCP/IP as well as digital source and channel coding, and the fundamentals of data encryption. Since MATLAB(R) is widely used by telecommunications engineers, it was chosen as the vehicle to demonstrate many of the basic ideas, with code examples presented in every chapter. The text addresses digital communications with coverage of packet-switched networks. Many fundamental concepts such as routing via shortest-path are introduced with simple and concrete examples. The treatment of advanced telecommunications topics extends to OFDM for wireless modulation, and public-key exchange algorithms for data encryption. Throughout the book, the author puts the emphasis on understanding rather than memorization. The text also: Includes many useful take-home skills that can be honed while studying each aspect of telecommunications Offers a coding and experimentation approach with many real-world examples provided Gives information on the underlying theory in order to better understand conceptual developments Suggests a valuable learn-by-doing approach to the topic Written for students of telecommunications engineering, Communication Systems Principles Using MATLAB(R) is the hands-on resource for mastering the basic concepts of telecommunications in a learn-by-doing format.

For those of us who have labored in the field of hormonal carcinogenesis, it has been most gratifying to see its rapid growth and increasing relevance in recent years. Although many factors and forces have contributed to this phenomenon, a few appear particularly significant. Perhaps foremost is the realization that two of the most prevalent cancers which afflict women and men; that is, breast and prostate, have essential hormonal component(s) to their etiologies. This should not surprise us since the high frequency of these cancers in human populations has to date not been attributed to any exogenous physical, environmental, or dietary factor(s). A similar argument may be applied to other less prevalent but equally important cancers including ovarian, endometrial, testicular, cervico- vaginal, pituitary, thyroid, and sex hormone-associated hepatic neoplasms. The Office of Research on Women's Health and many women's interest groups have been instrumental in fostering research and public awareness on women's cancers. Similar concern is beginning to emerge for solely male cancers by other groups. To illustrate an example of the potential pervasive role of hormones in the human, particularly sex hormones, Figure I depicts the endogenous and known exogenous exposures to estrogens and progestins during a woman's lifetime, which may contribute to increased risk for hormonally-associated cancers . . = iii M. A. P. _ GI en 2 PoOlmenopauoal ~ EstrogDn ~ Proge. tln GI en J\ Ovulatory _ 2 Cyel. iii W DES EIP Menotr". 1 Ol,order.

This handy reference details state-of-the-art preparation of molecular assemblies of biotechnologically relevant biomimetic systems (artificial proteins, peptides, molecular motors, photosensitive systems) with an emphasis on biomimetic membranes, capsules, and interfaces. Medical applications such as drug release, gene therapy, and tissue engineering as well as biosensing, biocatalysis, and energy storage are highlighted.

For over 50 years, the United States has pledged to help its European allies defend themselves against outside aggression under the Washington Treaty of 1949. The 1998 debate over enlarging the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) to include three Central European democracies reignited the long-standing debate as to whether the United States bears an unfair share of the burden of the common defence. This new book examines several measures of defence burdensharing to determine how much the United States contributes to the collective defence relative to what other NATO allies contribute. It looks at traditional measures of defence budgets as well as military personnel and other metrics that measure countries' efforts to enhance collective security.

Addresses the methodology and theoretical foundation of battery manufacturing, service and management systems (BM2S2), and discusses the issues and challenges in these areas This book brings together experts in the field to highlight the cutting edge research advances in BM2S2 and to promote an innovative integrated research framework responding to the challenges. There are three major parts included in this book: manufacturing, service, and management. The first part focuses on battery manufacturing systems, including modeling, analysis, design and control, as well as economic and risk analyses. The second part focuses on information technology s impact on service systems, such as data-driven reliability modeling, failure prognosis, and service decision making methodologies for battery services. The third part addresses battery management systems (BMS) for control and optimization of battery cells, operations, and hybrid storage systems to ensure overall performance and safety, as well as EV management. The contributors consist of experts from universities, industry research centers, and government agency. In addition, this book: * Provides comprehensive overviews of lithium-ion battery and battery electrical vehicle manufacturing, as well as economic returns and government support * Introduces integrated models for quality propagation and productivity improvement, as well as indicators for bottleneck identification and mitigation in battery manufacturing * Covers models and diagnosis algorithms for battery SOC and SOH estimation, data-driven prognosis algorithms for predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of battery SOC and SOH * Presents mathematical models and novel structure of battery equalizers in battery management systems (BMS) * Reviews the state of the art of battery, supercapacitor, and battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) for advanced electric vehicle applications Advances in Battery Manufacturing, Services, and Management Systems is written for researchers and engineers working on battery manufacturing, service, operations, logistics, and management. It can also serve as a reference for senior undergraduate and graduate students interested in BM2S2.